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Social Linguistics and Literacies
Ebook Free Social Linguistics and Literacies
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About the Author
James Paul Gee is the Mary Lou Fulton Presidential Professor of Literacy Studies and a Regents’ Professor at Arizona State University.
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Product details
Paperback: 290 pages
Publisher: Routledge; 5 edition (March 12, 2015)
Language: English
ISBN-10: 1138853860
ISBN-13: 978-1138853867
Product Dimensions:
5.4 x 0.7 x 8.5 inches
Shipping Weight: 13.3 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)
Average Customer Review:
4.8 out of 5 stars
6 customer reviews
Amazon Best Sellers Rank:
#723,984 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
A large number of claims have been made for improvements in reading and writing in a society. These range from cognitive skills development such as logical and analytical thinking, to societal advancements like democracy and equality, all the way to social progress manifested in political stability and falling birth rates. According to James Gee, there is little evidence that literacy, in the sense of a cognitive skill that enables us to decode and encode text, has had any such effects. In particular, literacy in this sense has done nothing to reduce social inequality. This is because texts are social products that can only be read and understood as part of an involvement in the larger Discourse that surrounds them. They are, in Gee's words, "the social and historical inventions of various groups of people" (p. 45).So what does this mean? A Discourse (that is, a 'big D Discourse') is a way of "behaving, interacting, valuing, thinking, believing, speaking, and often reading and writing" (p. 3) that allow us to 'perform' our various identities appropriately in contexts. We may be, at different times during the same day, parent, teacher, supervisor, trainee, friend, and stranger, for example. In each of these identities, there are expected ways of behaving, of which reading and writing (what is often referred to as literacy) are just an aspect.Our primary Discourse, the one we learn early in life, is the one in which we are a non-specialized "everyday person" (p. 153). In order to get on in the various contexts of the social world we inhabit, we need to learn secondary Discourses, such as those of the school, church, playground, and workplace. Not only do we have to learn them, we have to acquire them, in the Krashen sense, that is, by being immersed in them and apprenticed in them by more experienced others. They need to become second nature to us so that we can perform the correct behaviors in appropriate contexts. The reason why simply learning to read and write does not help to bring social equality is that some groups in society have greater access to secondary Discourse environments and to the apprenticeship required to be able to navigate them. As Gee describes it, while many middle-class white parents familiarize their children with standard English and with literacy practices that emulate the practices of the school, in many families of other social groups such acculturation does not happen. Gee is keen to point out that this does not make the practices of non-white-middle-class families inferior; rather, they are just not consistent with the practices of a group that has become powerful in society. Hence, "standard English," is accepted in school; African-American Vernacular English is not welcome. Children who come to school without having already been immersed in the practices and language of the school, what Gee calls "essay-text literacy" (p. 69), will have a hard time catching up, no matter how proficient they become in decoding and encoding. Literacy then, far more than the ability to read and write, is "mastery of a secondary Discourse" (p. 173).For those not already familiar with Gee's work, this is a book that has the ability to make the scales fall from the eyes. Gee writes from a profoundly ethical place, and builds his case skillfully using straightforward language. His definition and description of literacy as mastery of a secondary Discourse applies not only to elementary and secondary education, but to those in higher education, particularly those preparing international students to function in an unfamiliar educational setting. It provides insight into what makes language and behavior appropriate or inappropriate - that is, incongruent with 'normal expectations.' Although it's an academic text, it's very readable and a great read. Highly recommended, then, for those involved in education, especially language education, and for anyone wanting a deeper understanding of language in our daily lives.
I was required to read this book for my Master's program, but I quickly fell in love with it and couldn't put it down. Every teacher, politician, parent, administrator and linguist should read this book. I'm recommending it to everyone I know!
Of the two required books for my class, this one is the one I'll be keeping. It's actually worth the money.
gives insight into social literacy
Speedy delivery and packaged right! Came exactly the way it was advertised with no blemishes. A nice read for those wanting to dive right into second language acquisition.
great
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